First Year Performance of The IceCube

Neutrino Telescope

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IceCube Collaboration

A. Achterberg^ad, M. Ackermann^af, J. Adams^j, J. Ahrens^t, K. Andeen^s, D. W. Atlee^ab, J. Baccus^s, J. N. Bahcall^x,1, X. Bai^v, B. Baret^h, M. Bartelt^l, S. W. Barwick^o, R. Bay^d, K. Beattie^f, T. Becka^t, J. K. Becker^l, K.-H. Becker^ae, P. Berghaus^g, D. Berley^k, E. Bernardini^af, D. Bertrand^g, D. Z. Besson^p, E. Blaufuss^k, D. J. Boersma^s, C. ^Bohmz, S. Böser^af, O. Botner^ac, A. Bouchta^ac, J. Braun^s, C. Burgess^z, T. Burgess^z, T. Castermans^u, J. Cherwinka^s, D. Chirkin^f, J. Clem^v, D. F. Cowen^ab,aa, M. V. D'Agostino^d, A. Davour^ac, C. T. Day^f, C. De Clercq^h, L. Demirörs^v, P. Desiati^s, T. DeYoung^ab, J. C. Diaz-Velez^s, J. Dreyer^l, M. R. Duvoort^ad, W. R. Edwards^f, R. Ehrlich^k, J. Eisch^y, A. Elcheikh^s, R. W. Ellsworth^k, P. A. Evenson^v, O. Fadiran^b, A. R. Fazely^c, T. Feser^t, K. Filimonov^d, B. D. Fox^ab, T. K. Gaisser^v, J. Gallagher^r, R. Ganugapati^s, H. Geenen^ae, L. Gerhardt^o, A. Goldschmidt^f, J. A. Goodman^k, R. Gozzini^t, M. G. Greene^ab, S. Grullon^s, A. Großⁿ, R. M. Gunasingha^c, M. Gurtner^ae, A. Hallgren^ac, F. Halzen^s, K. Han^j, K. Hanson^s, D. Hardtke^d, R. Hardtke^y, T. Harenberg^ae, J. E. Hart^ab, J. Haugen^s, T. Hauschildt^v, D. Hays^f, J. Heise^ad, K. Helbing^ae, M. Hellwig^t, P. Herquet^u, G. C. Hill^s, J. Hodges^s, K. D. Hoffman^k, K. Hoshina^s, D. Hubert^h, B. Hughey^s, P. O. Hulth^z, K. Hultqvist^z, S. Hundertmark^z, J.-P. Hülß^ae, A. Ishihara^s, J. Jacobsen^f, G. S. Japaridze^b, A. Jones^f, J. M. Joseph^f, K.-H. Kampert^ae, A. Karle^s, H. Kawaiⁱ, J. L. Kelley^s, M. Kestel^ab, N. Kitamura^s, S. R. Klein^f, S. Klepser^af, G. Kohnen^u, H. Kolanoski^e, L. Köpke^t, M. Krasberg^s, K. Kuehn^o, H. Landsman^s, A. Laundrie^s, Preprint submitted to Elsevier Science 15 May 2006 H. Leich^af, I. Liubarsky^q, J. Lundberg^ac, C. Mackenzie^s, J. Madsen^y, K. Maseⁱ, H. S. Matis^f, T. McCauley^f, C. P. McParland^f, A. Meli^l, T. Messarius^l, P. M'esz'aros^ab,aa, H. Miyamotoⁱ, A. Mokhtarani^f, T. Montaruli^s,2, A. Morey ^d, R. Morse^s, S. M. Movit^aa, K. Münich^l, A. Muratas^f, R. Nahnhauer^af, J. W. Nam^o, P. Nießen^v, D. R. Nygren^f, H. Ögelman^s, Ph. Olbrechts^h, A. Olivas^k, S. Patton^f, C. Peña-Garay^x, C. P'erez de los Heros^ac, C. Pettersen^s, A. Piegsa^t, D. Pieloth^af, A. C. Pohl^ac,3, R. Porrata^d, J. Pretz^k, P. B. Price^d, G. T. Przybylski^f, K. Rawlins^a, S. Razzaque^ab,aa, F. Refflinghaus^l, E. Resconiⁿ, W. Rhode^l, M. Ribordy^u, A. Rizzo^h, S. Robbins^ae, C. Rott^ab, D. Rutledge^ab, H.-G. Sander^t, P. Sandstrom^s, S. Sarkar^w, S. Schlenstedt^af, D. Schneider^s, D. Seckel^v, S. H. Seo^ab, S. Seunarine^j, A. Silvestri^o, A. J. Smith^k, M. Solarz^d, C. Song^s, J. E. Sopher^f, G. M. Spiczak^y, C. Spiering^af, M. Stamatikos^s, T. Stanev^v, P. Steffen^af, T. Stezelberger^f, R. G. Stokstad^f, M. C. Stoufer^f, S. Stoyanov^v, E. A. Strahler^s, K.-H. Sulanke^af, G. W. Sullivan^k, I. Taboada^d, O. Tarasova^af, A. Tepe^ae, L. Thollander^z, S. Tilav^v, P. A. Toale^ab, D. Turçan^k, N. van Eijndhoven^ad, J. Vandenbroucke^d, A. Van Overloop^m, B. Voigt^af, W. Wagner^l, C. Walck^z, H. Waldmann^af, M. Walter ^af, Y.-R. Wang ^s, C. Wendt ^s, M. Whitney ^s, C. H. Wiebusch^ae, G. Wikström^z, D. R. Williams^ab, R. Wischnewski^af, P. Wisniewski^s, H. Wissing^af, K. Woschnagg^d, X. W. Xu^s, G. Yodh^o, S. Yoshidaⁱ, J. D. Zornoza^s,4

• ^a Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA
• ^b CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA
• ^c Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA
• ^d Dept. of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
• ^e Institut für Physik, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
• ^f Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
• ^g Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
• ^h Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
• ⁱ Dept. of Physics, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522 Japan
• ^j Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
• ^k Dept. of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
• ^l Dept. of Physics, Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
• ^m Dept. of Subatomic and Radiation Physics, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
• ⁿ Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, D-69177 Heidelberg, Germany
• ^o Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
• ^p Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
• ^q Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2BW, UK
• ^r Dept. of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
• ^s Dept. of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
• ^t Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
• ^u University of Mons-Hainaut, 7000 Mons, Belgium
• ^v Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
• ^w Dept. of Physics, University of Oxford, 1 Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3NP, UK
• ^x Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
• ^y Dept. of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, WI 54022, USA
• ^z Dept. of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
• ^aa Dept. of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
• ^ab Dept. of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
• ^ac Division of High Energy Physics, Uppsala University, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden
• ^ad Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Utrecht University/SRON, NL-3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
• ^ae Dept. of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
• ^af DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany

• ¹ Deceased
• ² on leave of absence from Universit`a di Bari, Dipartimento di Fisica, I-70126, Bari, Italy
• <sup>3</sup> affiliated with Dept. of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Kalmar University, S-39182 Kalmar, Sweden
• <sup>4</sup> affiliated with IFIC (CSIC-Universitat de Val`encia), A. C. 22085, 46071 Valencia, Spain

Abstract

The first sensors of the IceCube neutrino observatory were deployed at the South Pole during the austral summer of 2004-05 and have been producing data since February 2005. One string of 60 sensors buried in the ice and a surface array of 8 ice Cherenkov tanks took data until December 2005 when deployment of the next set of strings and tanks began. We have analyzed these data, demonstrating that the performance of the system meets or exceeds design requirements. Times are determined across the whole array to a relative precision of better than 3 nanoseconds, allowing reconstruction of muon tracks and light bursts in the ice, of air-showers in the surface array and of events seen in coincidence by surface and deep-ice detectors separated by up to 2.5 km.

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Last modified: February 22, 2007

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